(2815) Proposal to conserve the name Bosea yervamora ( Amaranthaceae ) with a conserved type

(2815) Bosea yervamora L., Sp. Pl.: 225. 1 Mai 1753 [Angiosp.: Amaranth.], nom. cons. prop. Typus: Spain, Canary Islands, Tenerife, Carretera de Tegueste a Bajamar, 28.548055 N, 16.354722 W, 18 Oct 2019, Santos-Guerra (ORT No. 47659; isotypi: BM barcode BM013848261, FTG 00174597, GH 00459189, LPA 39183, MA MA-01-00944610, ORT 47660, TFC 53475), typ. Linnaeus (Crit. Bot.: 77. 1737) coined the genus name “Bosea” to honor Caspar Bose (1645–1700), who owned famous garden in Leipzig (“Bose Senator Lipsiensis”). Later (Hort. Cliff.: 84. 1738) spelled as “Bosia”, provided description and referenced earlier works, viz., Plukenet (Almagestum: 42. 1696), Sloane (Cat. Pl. Jamaica: 135 [sub Tilia]. 1696, Voy. Jamaica 2: 19 Tilia], t. 158, fig. 3. 1725), Ray (Hist. 3 (24: Dendrologiæ): 88 1704), Walther (Design. 24 Frutex], 10. 1735), Thran (Index Horti Carolsruh.: 44. 1733). Subsequently, (Gen. Pl., ed. 102. 1742, 1753; Gen. 5: 105. 1754) reverted original spelling, it was validated Bosea, monotypic when published with B. L. generitype. The epithet is noun apposition. still use refer only species of Amaranthaceae endemic where common thermophilous woodland. one untypified names Linnaean Plant Name Typification Project (Jarvis, Order Out Chaos: 357. 2007), but its subsequent typification (Iamonico Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 70: 187–188. 2013) has been problematic. As monotypic, there no diagnosis (nomen specificum legitimum) his Species plantarum account (Linnaeus, l.c. 1753), reference 1738 work, along (l.c. (l.c.), Royen (Fl. Leyd. Prodr.: 223 Bosia]. 1740). Regarding yervamora, 1753) gave locality “Habitat Canariis insulis”, because he referred Sloane's 1725) accounts on Jamaican plants, must also have assumed that present West Indies. Indeed, had previously cited occurrence “Crescit insulis Canariis, aliisque Americae insulis” 1696). We believe Linnaeus's confusion arose considered first described Canarian plant (as Arbuscula baccifera Canariensis […] Yerva-mora Hispanorum), mentioning Islands locality, later (Almagesti Mant.: 21. 1700) placed both this taxon Jamaican-occurring by under same polynomial. continued follow Plukenet's second interpretation treated two single taxon. polynomial identified Indian Phyllanthus nutans Sw. (Phyllanthaceae), found Cayman Cuba, Jamaica, being relatively (Adams, Fl. 408. 1972; Proctor, Islands: 441–443, 37. 2012; Falcón Hidalgo & al. Int. J. Sci. 181: 288, 293–294, 298, 302. 2020). Unfortunately, material either these Hortus Cliffortianus herbarium Dataset: Clifford Herbarium. 2016, https://doi.org/10.5519/0022031). Furthermore, does not any illustrations clarify identity taxon; while morphological for “Syringae caeruleae foliis, purpurantibus venis”, which agree leaf morphology Island amaranth or P. nutans. Iamonico's (l.c.) lectotypification mentioned “No specimens were Linnaean-linked herbaria.” He performed thorough analysis associated made clear none suitable typification, available prior 1753. After comparing protologue, Iamonico remarked image more complete “we are designating lectotype name”. illustration seems based specimen Herbarium (BM BM000589120), collected Jamaica. Since did study specimen, part elements eligible (ICN Art. 9.4), but, course, is. Additionally, noted “typotype” (regarding term “typotype”, see Reveal Jarvis Taxon 58: 977. 2009). find designated conflict (1754) validating Bosea. Although belongs occurring evident from discussion regarded belonging member realize Greater Antillean Phyllanthaceae. therefore conclude intention select identifiable amaranth, inadvertently an lectotype. latter typified Webster (in Arnold Arbor. 39: 57. 1958) collection Olof Swartz (S S-R-4464). agrees apply According 1754), unilocular globose berries seed (vs. 3-locular, usually 6-seeded capsules nutans); 5 calyx lobes 6 stamens leaves lanceolate concave ovate elliptic flat nutans). It how Linnaeus, if surviving material, such explicit clearly excluded Caribbean element. edition Genera 1742) identical fifth work; however, work Ludwig (Defin. 126. 1737), “Yervamora” described. This reported growing Bose's garden. similar few differences, instance plants “lanceolatis, concavis, erectis, margine tenuioribus” “oblongis cuspidatis” “Yervamora”). Therefore, obvious what source used Despite discrepancies between plantarum, accord rules selection (Art. 9.12 ICN; Turland Regnum Veg. 159. 2018) illustration, protologue even though serious generic description. Walther's match either, quite long exserted stamens, depicted 10, (t. 4) pistils 11 18) other work. Apart resolving taxonomic confusions involving Plukenet, Sloane, Walther, additional reasons justify conserving conserved type applies endemic. Being species, widely floristic treatments Canaries (Webb Berthelot, Hist. Nat. Iles 3: 268–269. 1847; Pitard Proust, Canaries: 324. 1908; Lid, Contr. 61. 1967; Bramwell Bramwell, Wild 121, 1974; Ceballos Ortuño, Estud. For. Canarias Occid.: 320. 1976; Santos, La Palma: 150, 152–153. 1983; Arechavaleta al., Lista Espec. Silvest. 2009: 124. 2010), ecological works (Rodríguez Marrero Anuario Est. Atlánt. 36: 597–598. 1990; Fernández-Palacios Bosques Termófilos Canarias: 30, 85, 89, 140, 160. 2008; Padilla Ecol. 100: 420–422. 2012), popular articles (Bramwell Islas 208. 1987; Rodrigo, Archipiél. Canario: 44–45. 1992). would be desirable biologists, educators, nature managers continue using whereas enforced abandonment disrupt communication disciplines. Assigning three undesirable results. Firstly, require new combination “Phyllanthus yervamora” replace nutans, affect biologists educators native range species. equal priority, applying logically synonymized Phyllanthus, much larger widespread Old New World over 800 (Bouman 72–98. Secondly, become congeneric, hitherto known need accommodated another Rodetia Moq. Candolle, Prodr. 13(2): 323. 1849) available. Thirdly, affected. Our molecular systematic research supports currently understood) monophyletic group concordant current perspective systematists (Townsend Kubitzki, Fam. Vasc. 80. 1993). If conserved, then cypria Boiss. ex Hook. f., Cyprus, requires amherstiana (Moq.) confined Himalayas, adopt basionym R. above difficulties conflicting descriptions, misinterpretations, recent lectotypification, we propose set aside. Based evidence presented here, conserve type, thereby maintaining 250 years local naturalists experts (Kadereit 164: 959–986. 2003; Müller Borsch Ann. Missouri Gard. 92: 66–102. 2005). proposed conservation us (AS-G) Tenerife housed duplicates BM, FTG, GH, LPA, MA, TFC. mature flowers, unable bearing flowers fruits together. JF-O, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5719-7188 AS-G, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6010-8396 ARF, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2706-9350 JAM, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6393-6496 JAF, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7693-131X BJ, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0343-3146 Javier Francisco-Ortega thanks College Arts, Sciences Education FIU, FIU Kimberly Green Latin American Center, International Center Tropical Botany sponsoring visit Harvard University Herbaria bibliographic searches performed.